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- $Unique_ID{BRK04159}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Pyoderma Gangrenosum}
- $Subject{Pyoderma Gangrenosum Leg Ulcers Dermatitis Herpetiformis Cutaneous
- Sporotrichosis Ulcerative Colitis Crohn's Disease Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Myelogenous Leukemia Myeloid Metaplasia Paraproteinemias}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992 National Organization for Rare Disorders,
- Inc.
-
- 569:
- Pyoderma Gangrenosum
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Pyoderma Gangrenosum)
- is not the name you expected. Please check the synonym list to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Leg Ulcers
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Dermatitis Herpetiformis
- Cutaneous Sporotrichosis
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Crohn's Disease
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Myelogenous Leukemia
- Myeloid Metaplasia
- Paraproteinemias
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Pyoderma Gangrenosum is a rare skin disorder of unknown origin. Major
- symptoms include small pustules that develop into large ulcers at various
- sites on the body. It may or may not be associated with other illnesses.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Pyoderma Gangrenosum is a skin ulceration characterized by a growing, purple
- colored, undermined border with an irregular base of pus and decaying tissue.
- The ulcers most frequently develop on the legs but they may appear on the
- trunk, head and neck, scrotum and in the mucous membranes (mucosa).
-
- Causes
-
- The exact cause of Pyoderma Gangrenosum is not known although it is suspected
- to be an autoimmune disease. (Autoimmune disorders are caused when the
- body's natural defenses (antibodies) against invading organisms begin to
- attack healthy tissue.) Fifty percent of all cases of Pyoderma Gangrenosum
- develop for no apparent reason and the other fifty percent are associated
- with other disorders. Of the associated diseases thirty percent are related
- to ulcerative colitis (a digestive disease) but Pyoderma Gangrenosum is also
- seen in patients with Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, acute and
- chronic myelogenous leukemia, myeloid metaplasia and paraproteinemias.
- Pyoderma Gangrenosum usually follows the course of the accompanying bowel
- disease; however, it may appear during periods of disease remission as well.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Pyoderma Gangrenosum affects males and females in equal numbers. It is
- uncommon in children and most common in middle-aged women.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Pyoderma
- Gangrenosum. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Dermatitis Herpetiformis (Duhring Disease) is a familial disease
- characterized by a chronic eruption of clusters of intensely itchy blisters,
- papules, and slightly elevated patches on the skin that are either redder or
- paler than the surrounding skin. Patches are usually distributed
- symmetrically on elbows, knees, buttocks, head, and tail-bone area (sacrum).
- Blisters and papules are common on the face and neck. Onset of Duhring
- Disease can occur at any age, but it usually appears during middle adult
- life. It is very rare in children, and occurs more frequently in males that
- in females. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Duhring" as your
- search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Cutaneous Sporotrichosis (Schenck Disease) is a chronic yeast infection
- under the skin (subcutaneous) spread by way of the lymph glands and caused by
- the bacteria known as Sporothrix Schenckii. The disease may remain localized
- or may become generalized, involving bones, joints, lungs, and the central
- nervous system. Lesions may be grainy, full of pus, ulcerative or draining.
-
- The following disorders may precede the development of Pyoderma
- Gangrenosum. They can be useful in identifying an underlying cause of some
- forms of this disorder:
-
- Ulcerative Colitis is a non-specific inflammatory disease of the bowel
- characterized by chronic ulceration. The chief characteristic of this
- disorder is bloody diarrhea. This disease is of unknown cause. It generally
- begins in the area of the rectum. It may involve the entire large bowel.
- The disease is usually chronic, with acute inflammation of the colon. It is
- characterized by multiple, irregular superficial ulcerations, thickening of
- the wall of the colon with scar tissue and polyps. (For more information on
- this disorder, choose "Ulcerative Colitis" as your search term in the Rare
- Disease Database).
-
- Crohn's Disease is a form of inflammatory bowel disease, characterized by
- severe chronic inflammation of the wall of the small intestine, but it can
- involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract. The symptoms include
- fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, abdominal pain, and chronic diarrhea. Less
- commonly, there is inflammation of the mucosa of the mouth, the esophagus, or
- stomach. Regional lymph nodes can become involved. A solid mass may be felt
- in the abdomen during acute stages of the disease. (For more information on
- this disorder, choose "Crohn" as your search term in the Rare Disease
- Database).
-
- Rheumatoid Arthritis is a disease of unknown origin which may have a
- relationship to autoimmune processes. This disorder is characterized by lack
- of appetite (anorexia), tiredness, painful and deformed joints, early morning
- stiffness chiefly in the hands, knees, feet, jaw, and spine. Once affected,
- a patient's joints remain painful or uncomfortable for weeks, months, or even
- years. (For more information about many types of Arthritis use "Arthritis"
- as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Myelogenous Leukemia is a form of blood cancer in which the abnormal
- cells are derived from bone marrow (myelopoietic tissue).
-
- Myeloid Metaplasia is a syndrome characterized by anemia, enlargement of
- the spleen, nucleated red blood cells and immature granulocytes in the
- circulating blood. If it occurs in persons who have another disease and it
- is termed secondary or symptomatic myeloid metaplasia. It also occurs as a
- primary illness and is then termed primary or agnogenic myeloid metaplasia,
- myelofibrosis or myelosclerosis, because of the presence of an associated
- fibrosis of the bone marrow. The condition may develop in the course of red
- blood cell disease such as polycythemia rubra vera and there is a high
- incidence of eventual development of myeloid leukemia.
-
- Paraproteinemia is a disorder in which there is the presence of abnormal
- proteins in the blood.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Pyoderma Gangrenosum consists of open wet dressings on the
- ulcers, topical application of disodium cromoglycate or zinc sulfate, and
- cleaning away the dead tissue. The skin must be protected from any other
- injury which could result in development of other ulcers. In some cases, the
- grafting of new skin to the wound may be recommended. Systemic treatment
- includes the use of drugs such as corticosteroids, sulfonamides, sulfones and
- antimetabolites, methylprednisolone, and dapsone.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- The orphan drug thalidomide is being tested as a treatment for Pyroderma
- Gangrenosum. This drug should not be taken by pregnant women because it can
- cause severe birth defects. Physicians wishing to test thalidomide as a
- treatment for this disorder may contact:
-
- Pediatric Pharmaceutical
- 379 Thornall St.
- Edison, NJ 08837
-
- Thalidomide is available in England under special license from Penn
- Pharmaceuticals of South Tredegar, South Wales.
-
- Clinical trials are underway to study clofazimine in the treatment of
- Pyroderma Gangreosum and other inflammatory diseases. Interested persons may
- wish to contact:
-
- Dr. Martin Carter
- The Rockefeller University Hospital
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology
- New York, NY 10021
- (212) 570-8091
-
- to see if further patients are needed for this research.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- January 1992. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Pyroderma Gangrenosum, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- The National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Information
- Clearinghouse
- Box AMS
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 495-4484
-
- For information about Colitis or Crohn's disease:
-
- National Foundation for Ileitis and Colitis
- 444 Park Avenue, South
- New York, NY 10016
- (212) 685-3440
-
- References
-
- INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown and
- Co., 1987. Pp. 1390-1392.
-
- PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM ASSOCIATED WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS: TREATMENT WITH
- DISODIUM CROMOGLYCATE. D.R. Cave, et al.; Am J Gastroenterol (August, 1987,
- issue 82 (8)). Pp. 802-804.
-
- PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM COMPLICATING ULCERATIVE COLITIS: SUCCESSFUL
- TREATMENT WITH METHYLPREDNISOLONE PULSE THERAPY AND DAPSONE. E. Galun, et
- al.; Am J Gastroenterol (October, 1986, issue 81 (10)). Pp. 988-989.
-
- PUSTULAR PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM ASSOCIATED WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS IN
- CHILDHOOD. REPORT OF TWO CASES AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. L. Barnes, et
- al.; J Am Acad Dermatol (October, 1986, issue 15 (4 Pt 1)). Pp. 608-614.
-
-